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Communism
Communism is a social structure in which classes are abolished and property is commonly controlled, as well as a political philosophy and social movement that advocates and aims to create such a society.

Karl Marx posited that communism would be the final stage in society, which would be achieved through a proletarian revolution and only possible after a transitional stage develops the productive forces, leading to a superabundance of goods and services.
"Pure communism"
in the Marxian sense refers to
"a classless, stateless society, one where decisions on what to produce and what policies to pursue are made in the best interests of the collective society with the interests of every member of society given equal weight in the practical decision-making process in both the political and economic spheres of life."
In modern usage,
"communism is often used to refer to the policies of the various communist states, which were authoritarian governments that had centrally planned economies and ownership of all the means of production."
Most communist governments based their ideology on Marxism-Leninism.
As a political ideology,
communism
is
usually considered
to be
a
branch of socialism,
a broad group of economic and political philosophies that draw on various political and intellectual movements with origins in the work of
theorists
of the
Industrial Revolution
and the
French Revolution.
Communism attempts to offer an alternative to the problems with the capitalist market economy and the legacy of imperialism and nationalism.
Marx states that the only way to solve these problems is for the
working class
(proletariat),
who according to Marx are the main producers of wealth in society and are exploited by the
Capitalist-class
(bourgeoisie),
to replace the bourgeoisie as the ruling class in order to establish a free society, without class or racial divisions.
The dominant forms of communism, such as Leninism, Stalinism, Maoism and Trotskyism are based on Marxism,
as well as
other forms of communism
(such as Luxemburgism and Council communism),
but
non-Marxist
versions of communism
(such as Christian communism and Anarchist communism)
also exist.
Karl Marx never provided a detailed description as to how communism would function as an economic system, but it is understood that a communist economy would consist of common ownership of the means of production,
culminating in the negation of the concept of private ownership of capital, which referred to the means of
production in
Marxian terminology.

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